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| Creatinine |
Nephrotic syndrome refers to a number of proteinuria> 3.5 g / d, hypoalbuminemia (<30 g / L), another metabolic edema, hyperlipidemia and proteinuria characterized by abnormal caused. When patients with nephrotic syndrome effective hypovolemia, and serum albumin concentration often <15g patient / L of the consequences of excessive urination, untreated children can sometimes be signs of hypovolemia, which may be associated with very low levels white albumin cause fluid in the interstitial space due.
In these cases, the volume of blood in patients with a clear understanding of the situation and blindly diuretic, diarrhea merge using NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors (or ARBs), it is easy to cause prerenal acute renal failure, improper handling can lead acute tubular necrosis. Renal failure when the patient accumulation of toxins in the body, such as venom of urea nitrogen and creatinine, the amount of increase in uremic frost occurs.
Second, understand what uremia? When GRF <15 years when patients reached uremia.
Uremia patients have different degrees of dry, can be associated with skin peeling, is as ichthyosis, most patients editor torso and limbs, especially in as severe limb extensors. The reason may be due to damage to the function of the sweat glands, but may also be related to vitamin A metabolic abnormalities. Can be associated with uremia lipoprotein abnormalities and immune function in patients with low-related. The inefficient conventional lubricants.
Disease itchy skin is one of the most common symptoms of uremia, about half of patients for systemic itching. Dialysis may improve symptoms in some patients, while other patients are still itching may persist or even increase. Some patients only symptom is itching without skin damage, and some can be expressed as nodular prurigo, keratotic papules and simple, common in lichen limb extensors. In severe cases, skin ulcers may occur. Histological examination showed hyperkeratosis thickened skin with chronic inflammatory infiltration, deep pigmentation, the formation of structures similar plates.
The reason for this may cause hypercalcemia and PTH, calcium and stimulate the skin can cause skin mast cells to release histamine, which increased PTH is considered an important cause of disease. Furthermore, allergic reactions can still hypervitaminosis A, heparin and dialysis membrane components and related toxic substances difficult developer. Skin biopsy showed that the higher the calcium, phosphorus, magnesium content in the skin tissue than those without pruritus in patients on dialysis. Therefore, it may be the result of many factors work together.

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