There are five kidney failure stages, measured by the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), which is normally about 90 mL per minute or more. As the GFR decreases, the stage of kidney failure advances. The first stage consists of a normal GFR level yet at this stage, there are already slight abnormalities in the kidney. At this stage, there is still a plethora of treatment options to choose from. The second stage confirms the kidney disease, where the GPR level is at 60 to 89 mL per minute. To treat the kidney disease, more tests are conducted and a proper diagnosis is required prior to treatment.
At the third stage, there are two sub-stages, wherein the 3A's GFR level is between 45 to 60 mL per minute, while the 3B's GFR level is between 30-45 mL per minute. The latter is more severe. It is already critical to prevent kidney damage at this stage of CKD.
On the fourth stage, the GFR level gets worse at 15 to 29 mL per minute. As a result of this stage, other organs in the person's body also start to diminish. In order to recover from this stage, renal replacement therapy is needed. This is also the sole available treatment for this stage.
Lastly, on the fifth stage, the GFR level is extremely low, which results to kidneys that are almost not working. If a patient should survive, then he or she can only do so through permanent renal replacement therapy - through dialysis or kidney transplant. However, this does not automatically guarantee as well that the person will survive. Only the chance for survival increases. Moreover, other organs in the body will be affected.
The kidneys are vital to survival because they are responsible for maintaining the proper balance of water and nutrients in the blood. Without the filtration function of the kidneys, the body is unable to retain valuable nutrients and may suffer from water retention and a buildup of toxic wastes. In the United States, many cases of kidney failure could be avoided through changes in diet and lifestyle. Unfortunately, the general public lacks a thorough understanding of the different diseases that can lead to kidney failure and what can be done to minimize the risk of developing end stage renal disease.
Diabetes and high blood pressure account for the majority of kidney failure cases, but there are a variety of other diseases that can lead to dialysis. These include glomerular diseases, genetic diseases, drug abuse, medication side effects, kidney stones, and many others. Dialysis personnel who have a basic understanding of the most common conditions leading to kidney failure will be well prepared to provide the highest level of care to patients as they struggle to manage their disease.
Whatever the causes of kidney Fail are, the kidneys have been damaged and symptoms of rise of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, various complications have already occurred. So the patients should positively find the appropriate treatment method to improve their condition. 80% of nephrons are impaired when the disease develops into Renal Failure, so the key of treatment is to actively control complications and stabilize the patients' condition and protect the remaining healthy nephrons. Through treatment, it should achieve the aim of reversing the phenotypic transformation of renal cells, restoring the renal function as much as possible, treating the disease from the source of pathological damage to the kidneys and completely reducing creatinine, urea nitrogen etc. Since we have understood the causes of Failure, we should do early prevention. When diagnosed with the disease, patients should take observation and treatment as soon as possible in case the disease deteriorates.
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